Living and Eating Well in the Foodshed

It can be difficult to sort through all the information about eating locally, eating organically, making healthy food choices and finding high-quality ingredients. It’s hard to know whatthe right thing to do is, let alone to succeed at doing it.

I’ve written a few times about preferring to maintain some flexibility with my food options and, therefore, not being too quick to sign on as a true locavore. Keeping that flexibility is important to me for reasons that go beyond my love of good food; it has just as much to do with wanting to find my own way through all of this, without adopting someone else’s set of rules arbitrarily as my own. I’m already good enough at imposing rules on myself.

There’s something attractive about the locavore challenge, however. I love the process of discovering what New Hampshire, Vermont and Maine have to offer and, when I get around to it, Massachusetts. I love the discipline of perusing the produce section of the grocery store or the coop with an eye to what might be available from my own area. It’s important to me to understand what’s contributing to my own carbon footprint and to do my best to keep it small. I love the good feeling that comes from directing my food dollars locally and choosing not to support this country’s industrialized food system. I like knowing where my food comes from.

Seeking out local sources for as much of my food as possible sharpens my focus in a way, as if I can see where I live a little bit better, and appreciate where I live a little bit more. I might even say I feel more pride in this place I call home, knowing the special foods it produces.

But, when I’m enjoying that locavore challenge (without the commitment), what’s my range, anyway? Most commonly, locavores define that area as being within one hundred miles of home, sometimes 150 miles. I can take some great day trips within that range exploring food options in four states. My CSAs will provide a steady, ever-changing supply of organic vegetables for me throughout the year. But, in that small area, finding local products and produce at the coop and the grocery store–even products and produce I know are available–can be difficult, especially in the winter. There’s also the problem of just wanting some thing that my local area cannot provide.

I’ve been curious about the foodshed concept and wondered if it grew out of this kind of frustration with the inherent limitations of being a true locavore. Is it just an easy way out for locavores who want more?

But, that’s not the case.

A foodshed is defined as a geographical area that supplies a population center with food. It’s a similar concept as a watershed; rather than being defined by specific distances, it’s defined by where food is grown and produced and by how transportation flows. The foodshed is not a new concept at all. It was coined in 1929 by W.P. Hedden, who authored How Great Cities Are Fed and regional models have been developed ever since. One Massachusetts farm even offers a CSA based on an east coast foodshed. Imagine, a New England CSA that brings organic Florida tangerines.

One positive result of pondering these options–being a true locavore, eating within a less limited regional foodshed, or imposing no limits at all–has me eying my purchases with a little more awareness.

Am I ready to give up California nuts, pears, or avocados, in an effort to eat well in an east coast foodshed? Or, can I be satisfied for now that the awareness itself leads to fewer purchases, without a hard and fast rule in place?

For now, it suits me fine to continue to be flexible while enjoying the locavore challenge.

Does that make me a flexivore?

Notes from a Northeast Kingdom January Food Exploration

I picked the coldest possible January day to pack up the car with a friend and our four dogs to take a food exploration trip to Lyndonville, Vermont. There’s something about the Northeast Kingdom that keeps me coming back for more.

Maybe it’s something about its rolling hills, farm after farm, uninterrupted by any sign of progress gobbling up the farmland for development. It could be because it seems to be a hub for food politics activities in Vermont, even in New England. Maybe it’s that good, fresh, often local food is easy to find, even on a 9 degree day in January.

The area is rich with cheese producers, many artisanal. Jasper Hill Farm in Greensboro, Vermont not only produces a sublimely delicious, award-winning blue cheese, but several other cheeses that are sought after by east and west coast chefs. A couple of years ago, Jasper Hill took the leap and built a 22,000 square foot cheese cellar to age and ripen their own cheeses as well as those of area cheesemakers, large and small. Jasper Hill Farm employees carefully brush, turn and pierce the cheeses in the underground cellar throughout the aging process, allowing cheesemakers to save on payroll, knowing that their product will be expertly handled. A growing business, Jasper Hill Farm is an example of the commitment throughout the Kingdom to restoring the area’s economic health in the face of the region’s dairy crisis, while preserving the best of its agrarian culture.

On this coldest day, we were looking for the Lyndonville, Vermont winter farmers market. I’ve been curious about winter farmers markets, ever since the topic came up at a local food forum here in Concord, New Hampshire. Farmers present that evening in Concord were not too enthusiastic about the idea, saying that they like their winter time off, don’t want to deal with storing food, transporting it in cold weather or the overall drudgery associated with bringing food to our tables in the winter. After all, we have the grocery store and the coop, right? In my case, I’m lucky to have the one farmer in the area who is offering a winter CSA, which suits my needs perfectly.

But, farmers markets are fun, and I got to wondering what one in Lyndonville, Vermont might be like. It happens monthly and is quite well advertised online and in many spots around town.

Like anything else in life, it’s all about your expectations, and mine had gotten a little bit away from me. I had visions of cheese vendors, fresh eggs, meat, carrots, potatoes, cabbage, squashes, parsnips, a few crafts, honey, maple syrup–the list was long and colorful. Once inside the community center where the market was held, I discovered a subdued but cheery scene:

  • a local coffee roaster;
  • a baker;
  • a couple of people selling jellies and jams;
  • a meat vendor selling grass-fed beef;
  • a farmer selling fresh eggs;
  • a woman selling hand-spun yarn and various handknit items;
  • a Jamaican man selling spices, rubs, chutneys, mango salsa and hot pumpkin soup;
  • one (only one!) vegetable vendor with a scant offering of delicata squash, cabbage and purple onions;
  • and a woman selling potholders and other handsewn kitchen things.

The most happening spot in the room was the Jamaican food vendor’s table, where people were tasting soup, rice, some kind of chicken dish, and packing up containers of hot soup and other exotically spiced foods before heading out into the cold.

I bought some of his delicious mango salsa to take home with me.

One of the vendors most eager to connect with customers was the sweet lady selling potholders and homemade blueberry jam. She stitches her potholders using the same 1950s pattern that her mother used. Not what I expected to buy, but they were too cute to walk away from, and her enthusiasm too genuine.

Looking around the room now, and realizing my obvious expectations, I understood that it just might not be that easy after all to pull off a winter farmers market, and maybe Lyndonville is doing an okay job with it. Sure, I’d have liked more offerings, and especially more vegetables. But the room had a quiet, neighborly buzz to it; it was obviously a local social event. It wasn’t about me; it was about the community.

I doubt that anybody in that room came there with the expectation of finding maple syrup, or would have considered being disappointed not to find it. I wondered if mine was somewhat of a tourist approach to a farmers market. If I lived in the area (something I find myself dreaming about fairly often), I would not have been able to complete my shopping there, but I’m sure now that shopping for staples probably would not have been my only expectation. More than likely, the Lyndonville farmers market would have been a friendly stop for picking up a couple of things and chatting with a few neighbors about the bitter cold weather, sharing a few stories and looking ahead to spring.

I’d have known that down the road, I could head to Hardwick, Vermont’s Buffalo Mountain Food Coop to find everything I needed. And, yesterday, that’s what we did. Packed into a tiny storefront, this coop offers local cheeses, wines, soy products, milk, eggs, buttermilk and, yes, lots of local vegetables, even in January. There, I found local potatoes, Brussels sprouts, garlic, cheeses and butter. I could have kept on shopping, but that was all that I needed. The source of every last piece of produce in the store was clearly identified to make intentionally shopping local easy. One sign for California cherries read, “Carbon Footprint Too Small? Try These Cherries from California…”

While in Hardwick, we stopped at the Galaxy Bookshop, where I picked up a copy of Lifting the Yoke: Local Solutions to America’s Farm and Food Crisis, by Vermont gardener and author Ron Krupp. Written in three parts, it’s a reader-friendly, easy to pick up and put down book on food issues. It covers: the globalization of food and farming; the “battle of the bulge”; and sustainable markets and regional solutions. It’s this kind of food activism and awareness, in part, that draws me back to Vermont, over and over.

I also picked up a copy of Vermont’s Local Banquet, a charming and information-rich, independently published magazine focusing on “fresh, local and wholesome foods grown and made in Vermont.”

The Northeast Kingdom attracts me in more ways than food and agriculture. The culture itself, at least as viewed through my (admittedly, smitten) eyes, seems to be one of a wise and hard-working people. There are no signs of nonsense anywhere. Yes, there are plenty of signs of a very tough economy, but cottage industries abound in spite of it and it appears that people make the best of their situations.

Even the welder at Lyndonville’s auto body shop, where the sign says “We don’t work on rusted frames,” turns that rusted metal into whimsical sculptures.

The point of my Northeast Kingdom food exploration was not to do my week’s grocery shopping, but really to find out what’s there in January and what it’s like trying to find it. I ended up discovering a lot, some that I expected and a lot that I did not.

Most importantly, I discovered that it’s important not to idealize any aspect of this business of finding good food. As beautiful as the San Francisco farmers market may be, and other well-established gourmet local food meccas around the country, bringing good food to the table involves a complex network of options like farmers markets, CSAs, good food coops and well-intentioned local food producers.

There is no one-stop answer. As a consumer, maybe I shouldn’t want there to be. The benefits of each of us becoming and staying integrated in the process of finding or growing food–knowing exactly where it’s coming from–can only strengthen a food system that so badly needs repair.

As shopping trips go, it was a lot of fun in a go-with-the-flow kind of way. I brought home some good things, too, which I’ll be sharing in the coming days with friends and family.

And, in the end, Charlie couldn’t have been happier with the shopping trip either. Even in January, there’s something yummy for everyone in the Northeast Kingdom.

If this ain’t fun, I don’t know what is…

Vermont Granola Tempting the Whole Family, Too Much

The state of Vermont seems to encourage and nurture an almost endless assortment of locally grown and crafted foods. Discovering them is a hobby unto itself.

My latest find is a handmade granola from Vermont Maple Granola Co., in Manchester Center, Vermont. It is a small and growing company, owned by two creative young women with a singular and unwavering focus: producing good granola. One of the owners has a proud Dad who happens to be my coworker; he keeps a demo stash of granola in a desk drawer at all times and is always ready to chat about his daughter’s company.

Vermont Maple Granola comes in several flavors, all wheat-free, although not advertised as gluten-free. Flavors include: Cranberry Nut, Wild Blueberry Flax, Banana Walnut Flax, Maple Oat Nut, Cherry Pomegranate Almond and Fruitful Harvest. At least one of the flavors is low-fat. Ingredients are simple, local when possible, but not organic. All packaging is compostable.

Today, I tried the Cranberry Nut.

Vermont Maple Granola

Which, Charlie, for some reason, thought was surely a bag of new, locally produced organic dog cookies.

Charlie

Much to his disappointment, it was not a bag of cookies. He would have been open to locally produced granola as well but, alas, he did not get a taste.

Dry, the Cranberry Nut granola is light, crunchy and sweet (a little too sweet for my taste, but probably perfect for most people’s). It’s made with rolled oats, canola oil, pecans, almonds, maple syrup, sunflower seeds and dried cranberries. It’s not a clumpy, sticky granola, but free-flowing and dry.

Granola in Bowl

Eating it dry, out of the bag, would be tempting. At 280 calories for a half cup serving, along with 15 grams of fat, that’s probably not a smart idea. One serving dry provides 7 grams of protein; with a half cup of soy milk providing another 10 grams, my total protein for this meal was 17 grams. I’ll have to check out the low-fat varieties for comparison when I place my next order.

I enjoyed mine with blueberries from my freezer that I picked last August at Apple Hill Farm in Concord, New Hampshire, and organic soymilk from Vermont Soy in Hardwick, Vermont. Vermont Soy’s soymilk is produced from locally grown non-GMO soybeans, grown on family farms. It is the most creamy, delicious soymilk available (yes, I’ve tried every one I can find); the fact that it’s locally produced is an extra bonus. I’m grateful that the Concord Cooperative Market started carrying it again.

Granola with Soy Milk

I have an e-mail out to the owners of Vermont Maple Granola Co. for more information about where they source their ingredients, and will follow up on this post if I hear back.

In the mean time, I intend to share some of the granola bounty around. It’s just too delicious for one woman to enjoy alone, especially with two envious dogs lurking nearby. I guess it’s best to make sure this bag is not left at counter surfing height.

It would be an easy (innocent?) mistake for someone to think it was that bag of cookies.

One Pot of Heirloom Anasazi Beans: How Many Great Meals?

I’ve enjoyed several delicious meals this week from last weekend’s Rancho Gordo heirloom Anasazi beans, and I’m not tired of them yet. It all started with one pound of beans, soaked for seven hours and cooked up with chopped carrot, onion and garlic.

Cooked Anasazi Beans

The rest was up to me.

They were delicious piled into organic corn tortillas, with fresh cilantro, sliced avocado, brown rice and salsa.

Tortillas and Beans

Having moved past my Mexican cravings and used up the last of the tortillas, avocado, salsa and cilantro, I turned my attention back to local options. Eating locally is a huge challenge at this time of year in New Hampshire. I’m most comfortable rounding out the edges with a few thoughtful additions to locally available options.

Tonight, I stir-fried some bok choy, leeks and carrots, all from my winter CSA, with a generous amount of fresh garlic from my fall CSA. (Have I mentioned how much I love my CSAs?) I added a few good shakes of Penzey’s Bangkok Blend, a zippy mixture of sweet peppers, garlic, ginger, galangal, black pepper, hot peppers, lemon grass, basil and cilantro. I’ve found this blend handy to perk up roasted vegetables, stir-fried tofu, steamed vegetables and more, just when I think I have no imagination for cooking.

Stir Fried Vegetables

Served atop polenta and Anasazi beans, the result was perfect. The hearty, warming textures of the polenta and beans provided a good base for the lively, spicy vegetable topping. (I used a Canadian brand of ready-to-eat polenta from Angela’s Pasta and Cheese Shop in Manchester, New Hampshire.) Although my presentation and photo could be better, the flavors couldn’t have been improved in any way.

I still have a serving or two of beans left in the fridge that I’ll probably use in some sort of side dish with vegetables tomorrow night. And, on Monday I’ll receive a delivery of several kinds of heirloom beans from Rancho Gordo–enough to last me through the rest of the winter, easily.

Cooking one or two things on the weekend and using them in different ways throughout the week suits my somewhat lazy cooking routines. I can’t get much closer to fast food than a meal like tonight’s–it took all of twenty minutes to prepare–and yet, it felt like a real treat.

As my current CSA vegetable supply dwindles, and I look forward to my next pick-up on January 18, I’m also thinking about my own little summer garden. With a little attention to freezing just a few things myself, I could brighten up next year’s winter CSA assortment of root vegetables and squashes with some green beans, tomatoes and maybe even a few peas.

That reminds me of the bags of beautiful August blueberries lining my freezer door. Hmmm.

The Forelle Pear: Big Taste in a Tiny Package

I’ve discovered the Forelle pear, a tiny little package of sweetness about half the size of the standardly available grocery store Bartlett pear.

Forelle Pear

The Forelles’ rosy color and perfect ripeness (they even smelled sweet) at the grocery store made for an easy choice over the other varieties, rock hard and unripe in comparison.

One food review described its speckles as “trout-like”–exactly!

Forelle Pear Spots

Choosing winter fruits can often be difficult in New Hampshire, and everything right now has come from far, far away. It’s safe to guess that my Forelles came from California.

Homer called the pear “the gift of the Gods.” Buying unripe winter pears and hoping that they’ll ripen perfectly at home can sometimes lead to other than gift-like results. It seems to work out best when they show a glimmer of hope right there in the produce section, as these did. My little bag of Forelle pears felt like a gift, indeed.

This is not a sloppily juicy pear and is best eaten when still firm. It has a buttery texture and a very slight cinnamon flavor; it would probably pair nicely with cheese. Its tiny size makes it just right for an afternoon snack.

No fancy recipe needed today. This little pear asked only to be sliced and eaten.

Two and a half inches of perfection.

Heirloom Beans and a Vegetarian’s Search for Complete Protein

I’m contemplating a pot of delicious heirloom Anasazi beans from Rancho Gordo New World Specialty Food, my favorite bean supplier. Definitely not local, Rancho Gordo, from Napa, California, offers heirloom beans that bring new meaning to the word bean. As beautiful as they are delicious, each variety is special.

Rancho Gordo

Some have beautiful and mysterious names like Good Mother Stallard and Yellow Indian Woman. Each has a story of its own, and each is deliciously different from any similar bean, canned or dry, from the supermarket shelf. Some have buttery flavors; others have subtle notes of coffee or chocolate. All have dreamy, velvety textures of their own. Some look deceptively like their grocery store counterparts. Others are colorful and pebbly in their appearance, almost too pretty to cook.

Anasazi Beans

I have not found a comparable source in New England for local heirloom varieties. Maybe that’s too much to wish for, with our shorter growing season?

Steve Sando of Rancho Gordo is getting increasing attention for his work in saving southwestern and Mexican heirloom bean varieties from disappearing completely and bringing beans into the mainstream consciousness of American cooks. (A recent appearance on Oprah certainly didn’t hurt.) He’s doing good work with the Seed Savers Exchange, the largest non-governmental seed bank in the United States, sharing heirloom bean varieties with gardeners throughout the country.

I believe this is a good company to support. Rancho Gordo is bringing heirloom beans back for all of us, and generations to come, to enjoy. Although I have not taken the step of declaring myself a locavore, I try to be conscious of where my food is coming from. This is a fully conscious choice, and, I believe, a good one.

So, I love these very special beans. But, as I continue my evolution to a mostly plant-based diet, I sometimes have questions about whether I’m getting enough protein and protein of the right kind.

Vegetarians need to eat a variety of protein-containing foods every day, in order to put together a daily combination of the nine essential amino acids the body needs (that it cannot make itself). How difficult is that to do?

According to the Savvy Vegetarian website, protein from plants can easily supply all of our protein needs. By eating a wide variety of plant foods over the course of a day, our bodies will do the work of protein combining for us.

Beans are low in lysine; rice is rich in lysine. Together, they are a natural pair, forming a complete protein. One cup of black beans has approximately 280 calories and 14 grams of protein. One cup of short-grain brown rice has 212 calories and 5 grams of protein. Working on the assumption that an average sized woman needs about 47 grams a day (a matter of considerable debate in itself), the combined servings of black beans and rice have 19 grams of protein or 40 percent of a day’s required protein.

Amaranth, buckwheat, soy and quinoa are all complete proteins unto themselves. One quarter cup of quinoa (uncooked) has 158 calories 5.5 grams of protein.

Dr. Dean Ornish advises us to “eat any grains or legumes sometime during the same day.” If we’re getting most of our calories from non-sugar plant sources, he says, we’re getting enough protein.

I like that approach. Most importantly, I can remember it.

Leaving me free to move on to the fun of deciding how to cook those beans!